Applications need to write to a few folders: logs, caches, sessions and uploads. In Laravel these are storage and bootstrap/cache, plus public/uploads in our products.
On most shared hosting, folders at 755 and files at 644 are correct, because PHP runs as your own user. Avoid 777: it lets any process on the server change your files. If your host runs PHP as a different user, ask them to set the owner of those folders to the web server user instead.
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